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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク North Cape oil spill ： ウィキペディア英語版 North Cape oil spill The ''North Cape'' Oil Spill occurred on January 19, 1996 when the tank barge ''North Cape'' and the tug ''Scandia'' grounded on Moonstone Beach in South Kingstown, Rhode Island after the tug caught fire in its engine room during a winter storm. An estimated 828,000 gallons of home heating oil was spilled.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= ''North Cape'' Oil Spill )〕 Oil spread throughout a large area of Block Island Sound, including Trustom Pond National Wildlife Refuge, resulting in the closure of a area of the sound for fishing. Hundreds of oiled birds and large numbers of dead lobsters, surf clams, and sea stars were recovered in the weeks following the spill. US federal and Rhode Island state governments undertook considerable work to clean up the spill and restore lost fishery stocks and coastal marine habitat.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title= ''North Cape'' Oil Spill Case Documents )〕 The ''North Cape'' oil spill is considered a significant legal precedent in that it was the first major oil spill in the continental U.S. after the passage of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990, resulting from the Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska on March 24, 1989. ==Environmental impacts== Of the many affected communities, one important habitat was the Trustom Pond National Wildlife Refuge. The refuge is nearly 800 acres in area and protects the only undeveloped salt pond in the state and its inhabitants.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Trustom Pond National Wildlife Refuge )〕 The oil caused a large number of deaths in wildlife such as birds, lobsters, surf clams and sea stars. Over 2000 birds were killed, one of these species being the piping plover, a federally listed threatened species.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration Program )〕 The wind and choppy waters of the storm in combination with the oil caused a rapid and foamy dispersion of the oil into the water column.〔 As a result, a large number of shellfish washed ashore in the few days following the spill.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://incidentnews.noaa.gov/incident/7121 )〕 Because of the complex interconnected nature of the marine ecosystem, the effects on one species eventually spread to every level of the food chain in that environment. Even small and uncommon species can serve as keystone species for the ecosystem, determining the functionality of the community as a whole. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「North Cape oil spill」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.